SpringCloud基于Nacos和Eureka 实现双注册双订阅模式,可用于将注册中心Eureka平滑过渡到Nacos的解决方案

语言: CN / TW / HK

前言

大概在去年的时候发现生产环境使用eureka经常会发现服务假死eureka没有给踢掉的情况,然后就衍生了要不就换个注册中心试试,然后就了解到了nacos,正好他还融合了配置中心,但是后来碍于切换时怕生产环境不稳定,丢数据等问题就一直没有换,但后续的项目的注册中心都换成了nacos,这篇文章我就来模拟一下如何将eureka平滑切换成nacos

父工程构建

这里我在父工程里边又单独创建了一层父工程,我分别在alibaba-cloud 、netflix-cloud 中模拟新旧微服务 在这里插入图片描述

父工程pom

```xml

4.0.0

<groupId>top.fate</groupId>
<artifactId>nacoAndEureka</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0.0</version>
<modules>
    <module>netflix-cloud</module>
    <module>alibaba-cloud</module>
</modules>

```


模拟旧版微服务

 netflix-cloud pom如下 ,因为这里是模拟旧服务,所以都采用旧版本

```xml

nacoAndEureka top.fate 1.0.0 4.0.0

<artifactId>netflix-cloud</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<modules>
    <module>eureka</module>
    <module>eureka-provider</module>
    <module>eureka-consumer</module>
</modules>

<properties>
    <spring.boot.version>2.1.2.RELEASE</spring.boot.version>
    <spring.cloud.version>Greenwich.SR5</spring.cloud.version>
</properties>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- springBoot -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- springCloud -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

```

搭建eureka

在这里插入图片描述

  • pom依赖如下 ```xml

netflix-cloud top.fate 1.0.0 4.0.0

<artifactId>eureka</artifactId>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

- EurekaApplication 启动类java package top.fate.eureka;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@EnableEurekaServer @SpringBootApplication public class EurekaApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(EurekaApplication.class, args);
}

} ``` - application.yml

yml server: port: 8761 spring: application: name: eureka-service eureka: instance: # 设置该服务注册中心的hostname hostname: 127.0.0.1 client: # 我们创建的是服务注册中心,而不是普通的应用,这个应用会向注册中心注册它自己 #,设置为false就是禁止自己向自己注册的这个种行为 register-with-eureka: false # 不去检索其他的服务,因为注册中心本身的职责就是维护服务实例 fetch-registry: false # 制定服务注册中心的位置 service-url.defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/


eureka-provider

在这里插入图片描述 - pom依赖如下

```xml

netflix-cloud top.fate 1.0.0 4.0.0

<artifactId>eureka-provider</artifactId>

<properties>
    <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

``` - EurekaProviderApplication 启动类

```java package top.fate.eurekaprovider;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/* * @auther:Wangxl * @Emile:[email protected] * @Time:2022/6/16 14:23 / @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient @RestController public class EurekaProviderApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaProviderApplication.class, args); }

@GetMapping("/info")
public String info(){
    return "this is eureka-service";
}

}

``` - application.yml

yml server: port: 8081 spring: application: name: provider eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: "http://localhost:8761/eureka"


eureka-consumer

在这里插入图片描述 - pom依赖如下

```xml

netflix-cloud top.fate 1.0.0 4.0.0

<artifactId>eureka-consumer</artifactId>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
        <artifactId>feign-httpclient</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

``` - EurekaConsumerApplication 启动类

```java package top.fate.eurekaconsumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients; import top.fate.eurekaconsumer.client.EurekaProviderClient;

/* * @auther:Wangxl * @Emile:[email protected] * @Time:2022/6/16 14:43 / @SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient @EnableFeignClients(clients = EurekaProviderClient.class) public class EurekaConsumerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EurekaConsumerApplication.class, args); } } ``` - EurekaProviderClient

```java package top.fate.eurekaconsumer.client;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

/* * @auther:Wangxl * @Emile:[email protected] * @Time:2022/6/16 14:48 / @FeignClient(value = "provider") public interface EurekaProviderClient {

@GetMapping("info")
String info();

} - ConsumerControllerjava package top.fate.eurekaconsumer.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import top.fate.eurekaconsumer.client.EurekaProviderClient;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/* * @auther:Wangxl * @Emile:[email protected] * @Time:2022/6/16 14:48 / @RestController public class ConsumerController {

@Resource
private EurekaProviderClient eurekaProviderClient;

@GetMapping("getProvider")
public String getProvider(){
    return eurekaProviderClient.info();
}

} ```


测试服务是否可以调通

在这里插入图片描述 在这里插入图片描述

这里我三个服务都启动正常,直接访问8091consumer测试 ,如下图所示consumer 可以访问provider 在这里插入图片描述

第一阶段流程图

在这里插入图片描述


模拟新版微服务

alibaba-cloud pom如下,采用最新版技术栈

```xml

nacoAndEureka top.fate 1.0.0 4.0.0

<artifactId>alibaba-cloud</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<modules>
    <module>nacos-consumer</module>
    <module>nacos-provider</module>
</modules>

<properties>
    <spring.boot.version>2.6.3</spring.boot.version>
    <spring.cloud.version>2021.0.1</spring.cloud.version>
    <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2021.0.1.0</spring.cloud.alibaba.version>
</properties>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- springBoot -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- springCloud -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring-cloud-alibaba -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

```

启动安装nacos

可以参考SpringCloudAlibaba篇(二)整合Nacos注册配置中心 这篇文章我就不重复操作了


nacos-provider

  • pom 依赖 ```xml

alibaba-cloud top.fate 1.0.0 4.0.0

<artifactId>nacos-provider</artifactId>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        <version>2021.0.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

``` - NacosProviderApplication 启动类

```java package top.fate.nacosprovider;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AutoServiceRegistrationProperties; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/* * @auther:Wangxl * @Emile:[email protected] * @Time:2022/6/16 16:55 / @SpringBootApplication @RestController @EnableConfigurationProperties(AutoServiceRegistrationProperties.class) public class NacosProviderApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(NacosProviderApplication.class, args);
}

@GetMapping("/info")
public String info() {
    return "this is nacos-service";
}

} ``` - application.properties

spring.autoconfigure.exclude=org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AutoServiceRegistrationAutoConfiguration - application.yml

yml url: nacos: localhost:8848 server: port: 8082 spring: application: name: provider profiles: active: dev cloud: nacos: discovery: #集群环境隔离 cluster-name: shanghai #命名空间 namespace: ${spring.profiles.active} #持久化实例 ture为临时实例 false为持久化实例 临时实例发生异常直接剔除, 而持久化实例等待恢复 ephemeral: true #注册中心地址 server-addr: ${url.nacos} eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: "http://localhost:8761/eureka"


nacos-consumer

  • pom依赖

```xml

alibaba-cloud top.fate 1.0.0 4.0.0

<artifactId>nacos-consumer</artifactId>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        <version>2021.0.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
        <artifactId>feign-httpclient</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

``` - NacosConsumerApplication 启动类

```java package top.fate.nacosconsumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AutoServiceRegistrationProperties; import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients; import top.fate.nacosconsumer.client.EurekaProviderClient; import top.fate.nacosconsumer.client.NacosProviderClient; import top.fate.nacosconsumer.client.ProviderClient;

/* * @auther:Wangxl * @Emile:[email protected] * @Time:2022/6/16 16:39 / @SpringBootApplication @EnableFeignClients(clients = {EurekaProviderClient.class, NacosProviderClient.class, ProviderClient.class}) @EnableConfigurationProperties(AutoServiceRegistrationProperties.class) public class NacosConsumerApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(NacosConsumerApplication.class, args);
}

} ``` - ProviderClient

```java package top.fate.nacosconsumer.client;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

/* * @auther:Wangxl * @Emile:[email protected] * @Time:2022/6/16 18:24 / @FeignClient(value = "provider") public interface ProviderClient {

@GetMapping("info")
String info();

} ``` - ConsumerController

```java package top.fate.nacosconsumer.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import top.fate.nacosconsumer.client.ProviderClient;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/* * @auther:Wangxl * @Emile:[email protected] * @Time:2022/6/16 14:48 / @RestController public class ConsumerController {

@Resource
private ProviderClient providerClient;

@GetMapping("getProvider")
public String getProvider(){
    return providerClient.info();
}

} ``` - application.properties

spring.autoconfigure.exclude=org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AutoServiceRegistrationAutoConfiguration - application.yml

yml url: nacos: localhost:8848 server: port: 8092 spring: application: name: nacos-consumer profiles: active: dev cloud: nacos: discovery: #集群环境隔离 cluster-name: shanghai #命名空间 namespace: ${spring.profiles.active} #持久化实例 ture为临时实例 false为持久化实例 临时实例发生异常直接剔除, 而持久化实例等待恢复 ephemeral: true #注册中心地址 server-addr: ${url.nacos} eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: "http://localhost:8761/eureka"

上线双注册双订阅新provider服务

先启动nacosProviderApplication 在这里插入图片描述

如下图所示,我们已经实现了双注册,nacos和eureka中都注册了服务

nacos 在这里插入图片描述

eureka 在这里插入图片描述


平滑切换注册中心

验证旧consumer

这里我访问8091的旧版Netflix客户端也就是eureka-consumer,看一下调用的是8081 eureka 还是8082 nacos , 这里我反复调用了十几次,返回结果为 - this is nacos-service - this is eureka-service 因为此时我们的8091客户端只有eurekaClient,然后我们的provider在eureka注册中心有两个实例,所以就触发了负载均衡,这里我们用的默认轮询模式,当前流程如下图 - 在这里插入图片描述

下线旧provider

现在我们就可以陆续开始平滑切换注册中心了,旧provider可以关掉了,关掉旧provider之后此时的流程就如下图所示了 在这里插入图片描述

此时我们再访问旧consumer只会返回 this is nacos-service,因为旧的provider已经下线了 ,新provider当前已经切换完成! 在这里插入图片描述

上线双注册双订阅新consumer服务,下线旧consumer

启动nacoConsumerApplication 在这里插入图片描述 访问8092验证是否能正常访问,继续访问getProvider接口,如下图所示访问正常,然后我们就可以下线旧consumer服务了 在这里插入图片描述 在这里插入图片描述

疑惑 (该步骤可以直接略过)

现在我们有个疑惑,现在有两个注册中心,服务发现是走的eureka还是nacos呢 为此,我做了个实验,我分别启动了 旧provider新provider新consumer 此时双注册中心的服务 - eureka - - provider8081、provider8082 - - consumer8092 - nacos - - provider8082 - - consumer8092

现在我通过consumer8092客户端去请求,得到的结果只有 this is nacos-service ,因此判断注册中心默认走的是nacos. 因为走nacos只会返回this is nacos-service, nacos只有一个实例。 如果走eureka的话会轮询返回this is nacos-service、this is eureka-service ,eureka有两个实例。 - 此时的流程图 虚线代表该线路空闲 在这里插入图片描述

这里我找了下源码CompositeDiscoveryClient,调用的时候打了断点,发现系统创建了三个discoveryClientnacos排在第一个,如果可用的话直接就返回了 ,所以可以理解为默认走的是nacos在这里插入图片描述 这里我想到了nacos有个服务下线功能,如果我将nacos中的服务下线之后应该就会去走eureka了吧 在这里插入图片描述 等待几秒过后,通过consumer8092客户端去请求,得到了我想要的结果 分别轮询返回了 this is nacos-servicethis is eureka-service,证明已经走eureka了

  • 此时流程图虚线代表该线路空闲在这里插入图片描述

最后

此时我们生产上边是 新consumer、新provider、eureka、nacos,既然我们要切换到nacos,那eureka就也要停掉了,我们可以在下一版的服务中去掉 eureka的依赖和配置,只留下nacos,将这一个新版本部署上去之后就可以停掉eureka了 - 如下图所示 在这里插入图片描述

注意

如果直接引入eureka-client和nacos-client 会报错,如下 Field autoServiceRegistration in org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AutoServiceRegistrationAutoConfiguration required a single bean, but 2 were found: - nacosAutoServiceRegistration: defined by method 'nacosAutoServiceRegistration' in class path resource [com/alibaba/cloud/nacos/registry/NacosServiceRegistryAutoConfiguration.class] - eurekaAutoServiceRegistration: defined by method 'eurekaAutoServiceRegistration' in class path resource [org/springframework/cloud/netflix/eureka/EurekaClientAutoConfiguration.class] 1. 需要在配置文件添加如下内容 spring.autoconfigure.exclude=org.springframework.cloud.client.serviceregistry.AutoServiceRegistrationAutoConfiguration 2. 启动类添加注解 ```java @EnableConfigurationProperties(AutoServiceRegistrationProperties.class) ````

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