iOS小技能： 日曆的使用（案例：兩個時間的比較、獲取最近30天的資料）

語言: CN / TW / HK
時間 2022-10-10 05:15:35

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引言

預備知識：日曆識別符號NSCalendarIdentifier ```objectivec NSCalendarIdentifierGregorian //公曆 NSCalendarIdentifierBuddhist //佛_教日曆 NSCalendarIdentifierChinese //中_國農曆 NSCalendarIdentifierHebrew //希_伯來日曆 NSCalendarIdentifierIslamic //伊_斯蘭日曆 NSCalendarIdentifierIslamicCivil //伊_斯蘭教日曆 NSCalendarIdentifierJapanese //日_本日曆 NSCalendarIdentifierRepublicOfChina //中_華民_國日曆（臺灣） NSCalendarIdentifierPersian //波_斯歷 NSCalendarIdentifierIndian //印_度日曆 NSCalendarIdentifierISO8601 //ISO8601

```

I 日曆的使用

1.1 兩個時間的比較（NSDateComponents）

案例1: 計算兩個時間的間隔(天)

```objectivec /** 計算兩個時間的間隔(天)

@param start 開始時間 @param end 結束時間 @return 間隔時間 / + (NSInteger)contrastTimeBackDayWithStartDate:(NSString )start endDate:(NSString *)end { NSTimeInterval time = [self contrastTimeWithyyyyMMddStartDate:start endDate:end]; NSInteger minute,second,hour,day; second=(NSInteger)time%1000; minute = (NSInteger)(time/60)%60; hour = (NSInteger)(time/3600)%24; day = (time/3600/24); return day; }

/** 計算兩個時間的間隔(毫秒)

@param start 開始時間 @param end 結束時間 @return 間隔時間 / + (NSTimeInterval)contrastTimeWithyyyyMMddStartDate:(NSString )start endDate:(NSString )end { NSDateFormatter dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init]; // [dateFormatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd"];

[dateFormatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm"];


NSDate *startDate = [dateFormatter dateFromString:start];
NSDate *endDate = [dateFormatter dateFromString:end];
NSTimeInterval time = [endDate timeIntervalSinceDate:startDate];
return time;

}

```

案例2：處理微博的釋出時間

```objectivec / 處理今年的時間 / - (NSString)setupDateInThisYear:(NSDate)tmpDate{ NSCalendarUnit calendarUnit = NSCalendarUnitYear|NSCalendarUnitMonth|NSCalendarUnitDay|NSCalendarUnitHour|NSCalendarUnitMinute; NSDateComponents dateComponents = [self dateComponentsWithFromDate:tmpDate toDate:[NSDate date] calendarUnit:calendarUnit]; if ([self isToday:dateComponents]) { /1》一天之內的時間處理/ return [self setupTodayTime:dateComponents]; }else if ([self isYesterDay:dateComponents]){ /2》25-48小時後的時間處理（24小時之後） yesterday HH:mm yesterday 17:30 兩天之內 （48小時之內）25-48小時之內/ return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"yesterday %@",[self stringFromDate:tmpDate dateformatter:@"HH:mm" localeIdentifier:@"en_US"]]; }else{ /3》48小時後的時間處理（其它時間） MM-dd HH:mm 09-18 17:30 48小時之後*/ return [self stringFromDate:tmpDate dateformatter:@"MM-dd HH:mm" localeIdentifier:@"en_US"]; }

} ```

1.2 時間獲取

iOS 獲取時間的應用場景： 報表的時間篩選

  1. 獲取上個月self.viewModel.multipleSwitchCellTableViewCellModel.MonthlyDateStr = [QCT_Common strdate4lastMonthlyStrYYMM]; ```objectivec /* 獲取上個月份字串 /

  2. (NSString )strdate4lastMonthlyStrYYMM{
    NSDate     currentDate = [NSDate date];

    NSCalendar *calendar = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSGregorianCalendar];

NSDateComponents *lastMonthComps = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];

    // [lastMonthComps setYear:1]; // year = 1表示1年後的時間 year = -1為1年前的日期，month day 類推 [lastMonthComps setMonth:-1]; NSDate *newdate = [calendar dateByAddingComponents:lastMonthComps toDate:currentDate options:0];

    NSString tmpbirthday = @""; tmpbirthday = [QCT_Common date4YYMM:newdate]; NSLog(@"date str = %@", tmpbirthday); // NSDateFormatter formatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init]; // [formatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM"]; // NSString *dateStr = [formatter stringFromDate:newdate];

    return tmpbirthday; }

```

  1. 獲取本月 ```objectivec /* 獲取當前月份字串 /

  2. (NSString *)strdate4TodaydateMonthlyStrYYMM{

    NSDate *lastDay =[NSDate date];//

// NSDate lastDay = [NSDate dateWithTimeInterval:-2460*60 sinceDate:[NSDate date]];//前一天

NSString *tmpbirthday = @"";

tmpbirthday  = [QCT_Common date4YYMM:lastDay];

return tmpbirthday;

}

```

  1. 獲取前一天

```objectivec + (NSString *)strdate4lastDayYYMMDD{

NSDate *lastDay = [NSDate dateWithTimeInterval:-24*60*60 sinceDate:[NSDate date]];//前一天



NSString *tmpbirthday = @"";

tmpbirthday  = [QCT_Common date4YYMMDD:lastDay];

return tmpbirthday;

}

```

  1. 獲取30天前的日期

    使用日曆NSCalendar獲取時間：根據日期元件NSDateComponents的引數配置獲取日期時間- (NSDate *)dateByAddingComponents:(NSDateComponents *)comps toDate:(NSDate *)date options:(NSCalendarOptions)opts;

```objectivec / 獲取30天前的日期：格式YY-MM-DD 2022-08-06 / + (NSString )strdate4lastMonthlyStrYYMMDD{

NSDate *currentDate = [NSDate date];
NSCalendar *calendar = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSCalendarIdentifierGregorian];
NSDateComponents *lastMonthComps = [[NSDateComponents alloc] init];
//    [lastMonthComps setYear:1]; // year = 1表示1年後的時間 year = -1為1年前的日期，month day 類推
//        [lastMonthComps setMonth:-1];
[lastMonthComps setDay:-30];
NSDate *newdate = [calendar dateByAddingComponents:lastMonthComps toDate:currentDate options:0];
NSString *tmpbirthday = @"";
tmpbirthday  = [QCT_Common date4YYMMDD:newdate];
NSLog(@"date str = %@", tmpbirthday);//date str = 2022-08-06
return tmpbirthday;

}

```

II 案例

2.1 構造退款單號

商戶退款單號（商戶退款單號，32個字元內、可包含字母,確保在商戶系統唯一。同個退款單號多次請求，平臺當一個單處理，只會退一次款。如果出現退款不成功，請採用原退款單號重新發起，避免出現重複退款。）

商戶退款單號（out_refund_no）：yyMMddHHmmss + xxxxxx（sid）+ 遞增序號（隔天重置）

```objectivec - (NSString *)out_refund_no{

NSMutableString *str = [[NSMutableString alloc]initWithString: [QCT_Common getyyMMddHHmmss4TodayTime]];
[str appendString:xxx.id];   
[str appendString:QCTSession.shareQCTSession.snid];




return str;

}

```

  • snid(遞增序號（隔天重置）)

```objectivec

/** yyMMddHHmmss + xxxxxx（6位sid）+ 5位序號

/ - (NSString )snid{

// 先從偏好獲取物件，如果不存在就進行儲存

NSUserDefaults *user = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
NSMutableDictionary *k_sndi_keydic = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithData:[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] dataForKey:k_sndi_key]];



NSString *str =@"00000";




NSString *todayStr =     [QCT_Common  date4YYMMDD:[NSDate date]];







if([k_sndi_keydic.allKeys containsObject:k_sndi_date_key]){



    NSString *lastday = k_sndi_keydic[k_sndi_date_key];


    str = [[NSMutableString alloc]initWithString: k_sndi_keydic[k_sndi_key]];






    if([todayStr isEqualToString:lastday]){

        int d = [str intValue]+1;


        NSNumber *t = [NSNumber numberWithInt:d];




        str =  [QCT_Common addComplementspaces:t.description count:5 placeholder:@"0" isdirectionRight:NO];//



    }else{



        str = @"00000";
        [k_sndi_keydic setValue:todayStr forKey:k_sndi_date_key];





    }








}else{

    k_sndi_keydic = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];


    [k_sndi_keydic setValue:todayStr forKey:k_sndi_date_key];

    str = @"00000";





}



[k_sndi_keydic setValue:str forKey:k_sndi_key];



                          NSData *data  = [NSKeyedArchiver archivedDataWithRootObject: k_sndi_keydic];




                          [user setValue:data forKey:k_sndi_key];

                          [user synchronize];




NSLog(@"str:%@",FMSTR(@"%@",str));//02022



return  str;

}

```

```objectivec /**

str： 原字串 count： 補齊到第幾位

placeholder： 補齊的符號

isdirectionRight: 是否往右補齊 / + (NSString)addComplementspaces:(NSString)str count:(NSInteger)count placeholder:(NSString)placeholder isdirectionRight:(BOOL)isdirectionRight{

NSLog(@"addComplementspacesstr:%@",FMSTR(@"%@",str));//02022


if (str.length>=count) {

    return str;

}



NSMutableString *tmp = [NSMutableString new];

if(isdirectionRight){

    tmp = [[NSMutableString alloc]initWithString:str];// 右補齊


}


NSInteger tmpcount = count -str.length;

for (int i =0; i< tmpcount; i++) {

    [tmp appendString:placeholder];// 補齊


}

if(!isdirectionRight){
    [tmp appendString:str];//  往左補齊

}

NSLog(@"addComplementspacesstr:%@",FMSTR(@"%@",tmp.description));//02022


return tmp.description;

}

```

2.2 計算兩個時間的間隔(天)

工具方法：計算兩個時間的間隔(天)

```objectivec /** 計算兩個時間的間隔(天)

@param start 開始時間 @param end 結束時間 @return 間隔時間 / + (NSInteger)contrastTimeBackDayWithStartDate:(NSString )start endDate:(NSString *)end { NSTimeInterval time = [self contrastTimeWithyyyyMMddStartDate:start endDate:end]; NSInteger minute,second,hour,day; second=(NSInteger)time%1000; minute = (NSInteger)(time/60)%60; hour = (NSInteger)(time/3600)%24; day = (time/3600/24); return day; }

/** 計算兩個時間的間隔(毫秒)

@param start 開始時間 @param end 結束時間 @return 間隔時間 / + (NSTimeInterval)contrastTimeWithyyyyMMddStartDate:(NSString )start endDate:(NSString )end { NSDateFormatter dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init]; // [dateFormatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd"];

[dateFormatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm"];


NSDate *startDate = [dateFormatter dateFromString:start];
NSDate *endDate = [dateFormatter dateFromString:end];
NSTimeInterval time = [endDate timeIntervalSinceDate:startDate];
return time;

}

```

例子1:限制時間範圍為30天 ```objectivec NSInteger day = [QCT_Common contrastTimeBackDayWithStartDate:weakSelf.filterViewModel.timeModel.startStr endDate:weakSelf.filterViewModel.timeModel.endStr]; NSLog(@"day: %ld",(long)day);

                if (day > 29) {
                    [weakSelf showHUDMessage:QCTLocal(@"time_interval_should_not_exceed_30_days")];
                    return;
                }

```

例子2: 資料過濾： 獲取最近7天的資料 ```objectivec // 資料過濾： 獲取最近7天的資料 NSMutableString str = [[NSMutableString alloc]initWithString: [QCT_Common get4TodayTimeWithDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"]];
NSMutableArray tmp = [NSMutableArray array];

    for (QCTReceiptDetailModel *obj in tmparr) {
        NSInteger day  = [QCT_Common contrastTimeBackDayWithStartDate:obj.completeTime endDate:str DateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"];//  endDate 大            
        NSLog(@"day: %ld",(long)day);
        if (day > 6) {                                
        }else{
            [tmp addObject:obj];                
        }            
    }

```

2.3 時間格式化

http://blog.csdn.net/z929118967/article/details/124838767

see also

iOS隱私安全：使用者協議及隱私政策彈框（包含超連結屬性、demo支援中英文切換）http://kunnan.blog.csdn.net/article/details/103902362

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